PESQUISA VETERINÁRIA BRASILEIRA

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Mustafa V.S., Guedes K.M.R., Lima E.M.M., Borges J.R.J. & Castro M.B. 2015. [Nasal cavity diseases of small ruminants in Federal District and Goiás State, Brazil.] Doenças da cavidade nasal em pequenos ruminantes no Distrito Federal e no Estado de Goiás. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 35(7):627-636. Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária, Hospital Veterinário, Universidade de Brasília, Via L4 Norte, Cx. Postal 4508, Brasília, DF 70910-970, Brazil. E-mail: mbcastro@unb.br Nasal cavity diseases that affect small ruminants can cause losses to sheep and goat herds in Central Brazil. A retrospective study of the University of Brasilia´s Veterinary Pathology Laboratory autopsy reports from 2003 to 2014 was conducted to verify the occurrence of small ruminants nasal cavity diseases. Six necropsied sheep (6/463 1.29%) showed mycotic or oomicotic granulomatous rhinitis and 22 animals (22/538, 4.08%) presented oestrosis diagnosis, affecting 86.36% of sheep and 13.64% of goats. The pyogranulomatous rhinitis in sheep occurred in flooded areas with abundant plant material decomposing. Rhinofacial pythiosis infection in animals showed as major changes swelling in the nasal region due to extensive granulomatous lesions associated with tissue necrosis, characterized by numerous macrophages and polymorphonuclear cells surrounding necrotic centers containing the agent surrounded by Splendore-Hoeppli reaction. Sheep with conidiobolomycosis showed extensive areas of necrosis and pyogranulomatous inflammation associated with fungal hyphae, localized in the nasopharynx and also in peribulbar region and exophthalmia. Most animals with oestrosis showed no significant clinical and pathological changes, even with the presence of larvae mainly in the sinuses and nasal turbinates, trachea and paranasal sinus. The importance of such diseases is still unknown in the region, and the knowledge of the clinical-pathological and epidemiological conditions is of great relevance for the diagnosis, control and prevention to avoid the expansion and losses to livestock.

• Rhinitis Conidiobolus lamprauges Pythium insidiosum Oestrus ovis rinite

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Mustafa V.S., Guedes K.M.R., Lima E.M.M., Borges J.R.J. & Castro M.B. 2015. [Nasal cavity diseases of small ruminants in Federal District and Goiás State, Brazil.] Doenças da cavidade nasal em pequenos ruminantes no Distrito Federal e no Estado de Goiás. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 35(7):627-636. Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária, Hospital Veterinário, Universidade de Brasília, Via L4 Norte, Cx. Postal 4508, Brasília, DF 70910-970, Brazil. E-mail: mbcastro@unb.br As enfermidades que acometem a cavidade nasal de pequenos ruminantes podem causar prejuízos aos rebanhos de ovinos e caprinos na região central do Brasil. Foi realizado estudo retrospectivo dos laudos de necropsia do Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade de Brasília (LPV-UnB) nos anos de 2003 a 2014 para verificar a ocorrência das doenças que acometeram a cavidade nasal de pequenos ruminantes. Foram analisados 463 protocolos de ovinos e 75 de caprinos totalizando 538 casos. Seis ovinos (6/463 1,29%) foram necropsiados com rinite granulomatosa micótica ou oomicótica e 22 animais do estudo (22/538; 4,08%) tiveram o diagnóstico de oestrose, sendo 86,36% ovinos e 13,64% caprinos. As rinites piogranulomatosas em ovinos ocorreram em áreas alagadas, com abundante material vegetal em decomposição. Os ovinos com pitiose rinofacial apresentaram como principais alterações aumento de volume na região nasal devido a extensas lesões granulomatosas associadas a necrose tecidual, caracterizadas por inúmeros macrófagos e polimorfonucleares circundando centros necróticos contendo o agente envolto por reação de Splendore-Hoeppli. Os ovinos com conidiobolomicose exibiram extensas áreas de necrose e inflamação piogranulomatosa, associadas à presença de hifas fúngicas na nasofaringe e também na região peribulbar e exoftalmia. A maioria dos animais com oestrose não apresentou alterações clínico-patológicas significativas, apesar de serem encontradas larvas principalmente nos seios e conchas nasais, traqueia e seio paranasal. A importância dessas enfermidades ainda é pouco conhecida na região, sendo de grande relevância que as condições clínico-patológicas e epidemiológicas sejam elucidadas para o diagnóstico, o controle e a prevenção, para evitar a expansão e prejuízos para os rebanhos.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Guedes K.M.R., Colodel E.M., Castro M.B. Souza M.A., Arruda L.P., Dianezi D.M., Borges J.R.J. & Riet-Correa F. 2011. [Enzootic calcinosis in ruminants in Central Brazil.] Calcinose enzoótica em ruminantes no Brasil Central. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 31(8):643-648. Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária, Universidade de Brasília, Av. L4 Norte, Cx. Postal 4508, Brasília, DF 70910-970, Brazil. E-mail: kmrgkarla@yahoo.com.br Enzootic calcinosis is a disease characterized by mineralization of soft tissues, osteopetrosis, hypercalcemia and hyperphosphatemia. From 2004 to 2010, 86 cases of enzootic calcinosis were diagnosed in 42 farms in the states of Mato Grosso, Goias, Minas Gerais and Tocantins, and in the Federal District. The pastures were inspected in 33 farms, observing that in 32 outbreaks the disease occurred in degraded pastures invaded with different weeds. Previously known calcinogenic plants were not present. The disease was diagnosed in sheep in 19 farms, in cattle in 17 farms, in goats in five farms, and in sheep and goats in one farm. Adult animals were more affected; but the disease also was observed in lactating animals. The disease occurred all over the year, but most outbreaks were diagnosed during the rainy season. Serum Ca and P concentrations determined monthly in two sheep flocks were significantly higher during the rainy season. Main clinical signs were progressive emaciation followed by cachexia, and stiff gait with flexion of the fore limbs. Gross findings were mineralization of the arteries, cardiac valves, lungs, and kidneys. Histological findings were arterial mineralization, mainly in the medial layer with cartilaginous metaplasia and colagenous deposition between smooth muscle fibers. It is suggested that the disease is caused by an unknown calcinogenic weed present in degraded pastures.

• Calcinosis calcinogenic plants calcinose plantas calcinogênicas

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Guedes K.M.R., Colodel E.M., Castro M.B. Souza M.A., Arruda L.P., Dianezi D.M., Borges J.R.J. & Riet-Correa F. 2011. [Enzootic calcinosis in ruminants in Central Brazil.] Calcinose enzoótica em ruminantes no Brasil Central. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 31(8):643-648. Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária, Universidade de Brasília, Av. L4 Norte, Cx. Postal 4508, Brasília, DF 70910-970, Brazil. E-mail: kmrgkarla@yahoo.com.br RESUMO.- A calcinose enzoótica é uma enfermidade caracterizada por mineralização de artérias e tecidos moles, osteopetrose, hipercalcemia e hiperfosfatemia. Neste trabalho descreve-se uma calcinose enzoótica em ruminantes no Mato Grosso, Goiás, Minas Gerais, Tocantins e no Distrito Federal, em campos onde não foi encontrada nenhuma das plantas calcinogênicas conhecidas. Os primeiros casos foram diagnosticados em 2004, e até 2010 foram necropsiados 86 casos da doença provenientes de 42 propriedades. Trinta e três propriedades foram visitadas, e em 32 os pastos eram caracterizados por moderada a acentuada degradação e invasão por plantas daninhas. A doença foi diagnosticada em ovinos em 19 fazendas, em bovinos em 17, em caprinos em 5 e em uma fazenda foram afetados tanto caprinos quanto ovinos. Animais adultos foram mais acometidos, mas a doença foi observada, também, em animais lactentes. A enfermidade foi observada durante todo o ano, mas a maioria dos surtos ocorreu nos meses de maior índice pluviométrico. Em duas fazendas foram determinados, mensalmente, os níveis séricos de Ca e P observando-se uma elevação significativa dos mesmos durante o período de chuvas. Os principais sinais clínicos observados foram de emagrecimento progressivo, caquexia e flexão de membros anteriores, com andar rígido. As principais lesões macroscópicas e histológicas foram de mineralização das artérias, valvas cardíacas, pulmões e rins. Sugere-se que a doença é provocada por uma planta calcinogênica ainda desconhecida. Mesmo sem conhecer a causa da calcinose recomenda-se evitar o pastejo de ruminantes em áreas degradadas e reformar pastagens degradadas.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Guedes K.M.R., Riet-Correa F., Dantas A.F.M., Simões S.V.D., Miranda Neto E.G., Nobre V.M.T. & Medeiros R.M.T. 2007. [Diseases of the central nervous system in goats and sheep of the semiarid.] Doenças do sistema nervoso central em caprinos e ovinos no semi-árido. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 27(1):29-38. Centro de Saúde e Tecnologia Rural, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, 58700-000 Patos, PB, Brazil. E-mail: franklin.riet@pesquisador.cnpq.br The knowledge of the diseases of domestic animals in the different Brazilian regions is important to determine measures for their control and prevention. The objective of this paper is to report the epidemiology, clinical signs and pathology of the diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) of goats and sheep in the Brazilian semiarid, mainly in the state of Paraíba, diagnosed at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Campina Grande, from January 2000 to May 2006. During the period, 365 cases or outbreaks were diagnosed in goats and 270 in sheep. From these, 63 (9.92%) were of diseases of the CNS, being 34 (9.31%) in goats and 29 (10.7%) in sheep. The main diseases were abscesses (19.04%), tetanus (15.9%), rabies (9.52%) poisoning by Ipomoea asarifolia (7.93%), listeriosis (6.34%), traumatism (6.34%), polioencephalo-malacia (4.77%), pregnancy toxemia (3.17%), enzootic ataxia (3.17%), and meningitis (3.17%). Other diseases diagnosed in only one opportunity (1.59%) were intoxications by Crotalaria retusa, Ipomoea carnea, Ipomoea sericophylla and Prosopis juliflora, otitis with encephalitis, malformation, lymphoblastic lymphosarcoma, medulloblastoma, and focal symmetric necrosis. In 6.34% of the cases diagnosis was unknown.

• Central nervous system diseases goats sheep semiarid

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Guedes K.M.R., Riet-Correa F., Dantas A.F.M., Simões S.V.D., Miranda Neto E.G., Nobre V.M.T. & Medeiros R.M.T. 2007. [Diseases of the central nervous system in goats and sheep of the semiarid.] Doenças do sistema nervoso central em caprinos e ovinos no semi-árido. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 27(1):29-38. Centro de Saúde e Tecnologia Rural, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, 58700-000 Patos, PB, Brazil. E-mail: franklin.riet@pesquisador.cnpq.br The knowledge of the diseases of domestic animals in the different Brazilian regions is important to determine measures for their control and prevention. The objective of this paper is to report the epidemiology, clinical signs and pathology of the diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) of goats and sheep in the Brazilian semiarid, mainly in the state of Paraíba, diagnosed at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Campina Grande, from January 2000 to May 2006. During the period, 365 cases or outbreaks were diagnosed in goats and 270 in sheep. From these, 63 (9.92%) were of diseases of the CNS, being 34 (9.31%) in goats and 29 (10.7%) in sheep. The main diseases were abscesses (19.04%), tetanus (15.9%), rabies (9.52%) poisoning by Ipomoea asarifolia (7.93%), listeriosis (6.34%), traumatism (6.34%), polioencephalo-malacia (4.77%), pregnancy toxemia (3.17%), enzootic ataxia (3.17%), and meningitis (3.17%). Other diseases diagnosed in only one opportunity (1.59%) were intoxications by Crotalaria retusa, Ipomoea carnea, Ipomoea sericophylla and Prosopis juliflora, otitis with encephalitis, malformation, lymphoblastic lymphosarcoma, medulloblastoma, and focal symmetric necrosis. In 6.34% of the cases diagnosis was unknown.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Guedes K.M.R., Schild A.L. Riet-Correa F., Barros S.S. & Simões S.V.D. 2006. [Spongious degeneration in the central nervous system in Sindhi calves]. Degeneração esponjosa no sistema nervoso central de bezerros da raça Sindhi. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 26(3):157-160. Centro de Saúde e Tecnologia Rural, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campus de Patos, 58700-000 Patos, Paraíba, Brazil. E-mail franklin.riet@pesquisador.cnpq.br Spongy degeneration (status spongiosus) includes many histological alterations characterized by vacuoles in the neuropile in different regions of the central nervous system (CNS). The vacuolization can be caused by intramyelinic edema, as in maple syrup urine disease and some toxic diseases, or by astrocytic edema, as in citrullinemia. This paper reports a spongy degeneration in two Sindhi calves, a female and a male. Both calves were offspring from the same bull, and the herd had high degree of inbreeding. The female calf was born normal, but progressive nervous signs were observed since 2 months old. The male calf had progressive nervous signs since it was born. Both calves were euthanized with severe nervous signs when 4 months old. At necropsy the liver was pale in the male calf. Histological alterations were mild to accentuated vacuolization, mainly in the deep cerebral cortex, cerebellar white matter, grey matter of the spinal cord, internal capsule, and brain stem. Fatty degeneration was observed in the liver of both animals. On electron microscopy it was found that the status spongiosus was caused by astrocytic edema. It is suggested that the disease is caused by a metabolic hereditary error.

• Status spongiosus astrocytic edema congenital diseases cattle

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Guedes K.M.R., Schild A.L. Riet-Correa F., Barros S.S. & Simões S.V.D. 2006. [Spongious degeneration in the central nervous system in Sindhi calves]. Degeneração esponjosa no sistema nervoso central de bezerros da raça Sindhi. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 26(3):157-160. Centro de Saúde e Tecnologia Rural, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campus de Patos, 58700-000 Patos, Paraíba, Brazil. E-mail franklin.riet@pesquisador.cnpq.br Spongy degeneration (status spongiosus) includes many histological alterations characterized by vacuoles in the neuropile in different regions of the central nervous system (CNS). The vacuolization can be caused by intramyelinic edema, as in maple syrup urine disease and some toxic diseases, or by astrocytic edema, as in citrullinemia. This paper reports a spongy degeneration in two Sindhi calves, a female and a male. Both calves were offspring from the same bull, and the herd had high degree of inbreeding. The female calf was born normal, but progressive nervous signs were observed since 2 months old. The male calf had progressive nervous signs since it was born. Both calves were euthanized with severe nervous signs when 4 months old. At necropsy the liver was pale in the male calf. Histological alterations were mild to accentuated vacuolization, mainly in the deep cerebral cortex, cerebellar white matter, grey matter of the spinal cord, internal capsule, and brain stem. Fatty degeneration was observed in the liver of both animals. On electron microscopy it was found that the status spongiosus was caused by astrocytic edema. It is suggested that the disease is caused by a metabolic hereditary error.